On 2 November 2022, the African Union announced a peace agreement between Ethiopia and Tigray. Coming just days before the second anniversary of the start of the conflict, the news was widely hailed as ending what had become the world’s deadliest war. However, the announcement was also unexpected. With Ethiopian forces closing in on the Tigrayan capital, Mekele, most expected Ethiopia’s Prime Minister, Abiy Ahmed Ali, to pursue a final military solution. So, how was a final showdown avoided? What have the sides agreed? And can it really last?
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Ethiopia is no stranger to conflict. Over many decades, it has been immersed in war. However, the war that broke out in November 2020 proved to be particularly brutal. It is now estimated that as many as half a million people may have died and well over three million displaced. It also drew in neighbouring Eritrea and the next-door federal state of Amhara in a complex international and civil war. And yet, just as the government prepared to launch a final assault, a last minute peace deal was announced following ten days of intensive talks in South Africa between the government and representatives of the Tigray People’s Liberation Front, the TPLF. Overseen by the former president of Nigeria, Olusegun Obasanjo, the agreement marks a stunning victory for diplomacy – especially as many expected to see Ethiopia pursue a military victory. But just what have the sides agreed? And can it hold?
CHAPTERS
0:00 Introduction and Titles
00:53 Ethiopia-Tigray: A Last-Minute Peace Breakthrough
02:05 Ethiopia and Tigray: Location and Demographics
02:50 The Emergence of Modern Ethiopia
04:03 Ethiopia under the TPLF
05:20 The Start of the Ethiopia-Tigray War
06:27 The First Phase of the Ethiopia-Tigray War
07:55 The Main Phase of the Ethiopian-Tigray War
09:55 Ceasefire and Renewed Fighting in Tigray
11:03 The Ethiopia-Tigray Peace Agreement
12:28 Why Did Ethiopia Accept a Negotiated Settlement?
14:32 Is Ethiopia Now on the Path to Peace?
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Ethiopia-Tigray Peace Agreement
African Union
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KEYWORDS
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