In 2011, Tunisia came to world attention as mass protests forced the country’s longstanding dictator, Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, to flee the country. The uprising, known as the Jasmine Revolution, would spark huge demonstrations elsewhere across the Middle East and North Africa: The Arab Spring. But a decade later, there are fears that the country’s president, Kais Saied, is taking the country back to authoritarianism, if not dictatorship. So, is democracy really now under threat in Tunisia?
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Tunisia has always had a rather unusual place in the Arab world. Having become a French Protectorate in 1881, in the first part of the 20th century a nationalist movement arose. In 1934, this split to form Neo-Destour, which would become the ruling party after the country eventually attained independence in 1956. After the monarchy was abolished in 1957, the country came under the rule of Habib Bourguiba, who ruled as a dictator until 1987, when he was ousted by Ben Ali. However, all this changed in 2011, when a young market trader, Mohamed Bouazizi, took his own life in protest at police corruption. However, a decade later, Tunisia faces huge economic, political and social problems. It against this backdrop that Saied has introduced a number of measured rolling back democracy. But is this for the country’s good, as he claims. Or is it the return to dictatorship?
CHAPTERS
0:00 Introduction and Titles
00:47 The Arab Spring and Tunisia
01:33 Tunisia: Location, Population and Economy
02:21 The Emergence of Modern Tunisia
03:59 Tunisia under Habib Bourguiba
05:11 Tunisia under Ben Ali
06:27 Tunisia after the Jasmine Revolution
08:20 Tunisia under Kais Saied
10:18 Reactions to Saied’s Rule by Decree
11:08 Tunisia: A Return to Dictatorship?
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FURTHER READING & USEFUL SOURCES
Government of Tunisia
Tunisia | Freedom House
Tunisia | Human Rights Watch
Tunisia’s Fellagha and the Battle for Independence
Tunisia: An Arab Anomaly
The Arab Spring: The Hope and Reality of the Uprisings
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